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What is Happening to the Social Development Down to the Household Level?

Jamshad Munawwer, Muhammad Bilal, Asma Rafiq and Zafar Abbas

KDI School of Public Policy and Management, Korea
School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, China
Department of Social Science, Punjab University Lahore, Pakistan
Department of Economics, University of Sargodha, Pakistan

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the relationship between macroeconomic changes and their impact on the household in Pakistan. The study utilized panel data constructed from various issues of HIES surveys conducted by the Pakistani Government. As per established practices, Fixed Effects and Random Effects models were used for estimation. Before applying the econometric techniques, univariate analysis is undertaken to understand the impact of macroeconomic variables on microeconomic variables like health, education, and food expenditures at the household level. Empirical estimation concludes the macroeconomic impact on household expenditure on health, education, and food, and the result is in line with the prior studies of like-wise countries and Pakistan. It indicates that the downfall in Pakistan's social development is the result of the Government's unwillingness to spend more on these sectors. Macroeconomic stability remained the focus area, undoubtedly leading to impressive growth rates, but its trickle-down was never taken care of.

Keywords: HIES, Pakistan, GDP, Social Development, Household, Health, Education, Economic Growth, Fixed Effect, Random Effect)


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*Corresponding author: bilalawan007@outlook.com

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