Abstract

The biopharmaceutical industry is a high-stakes, innovation-driven sector where effective leadership and its alignment with organizational culture are vital determinants of strategic performance, innovation capacity, and regulatory compliance. This paper synthesizes existing scientific evidence on the interaction between leadership and organizational culture in biopharma companies and their combined impact on innovation, sustainability, and international competitiveness. A systematic literature review was conducted covering the period between 2015 and 2025. From an initial pool of 186 studies, 67 were selected based on direct relevance to leadership, organizational culture, and performance in the biopharma industry or closely related life sciences sectors. Thematic analysis, comparative synthesis, and visual mapping revealed patterns, gaps, and emerging trends. Findings demonstrate that transformational, adaptive, and innovative.